Geggus, David Patrick. Haitian revolutionary studies. Essay Example for Free

Geggus, David Patrick. Haitian progressive examinations. Paper After the 1695 Ryswick Treaty among France and Spain, France assumed responsibility for St. Domingue (Willie 2001, p 36). The legitimate rights presented to the French gave them the jurisdictional ability to rule over the western district of Hispaniola. Government authorities from France dealt with the regulatory and overseeing assemblages of St. Domingue. The Ryswick Treaty cleared route for the French to colonize St. Domingue and take superiority in practically every basic part of the district. The social, monetary and political domains of the individuals of St. Domingue were generally characterized by the French pioneer frameworks set up (Willie 2001, p 36). The profound frontier frameworks of the French in St. Domingue prompted a defined social framework, isolating the individuals into social classes. The Les Grand Blancs were the unrivaled whites who comprised of the grower and regal authorities of the province. The Les Petit Blanc, considered as the most minimal gathering of whites comprised of the craftsmans, retailers and accountants in St. Domingue. By 1789, the all out umber of whites in St. Domingue was 30, 000. The Mulattoes or free coloreds, numbering 28,000 by 1789, comprised of youngsters fathered by white French men with dark ladies (Willie, 2012, p 38). Liberation of the free coloreds allowed them a chance to possess slaves as their white partners. They had 33% of the land in St. Domingue. The slaves, who numbered 450, 000 by 1789 were the least in the social stepping stool (Ghachem 2003, p 4; Willie 2001, p 38). They actually claimed nothing and were without any level of freedom contrasted with the other social classes. The social separation structure in St. Domingue came about into social, monetary and political inconsistencies that continually caused grating among the social classes in the social stepping stool. Each social class tried to safeguard its privileges and opportunities; the journey for equity and freedom was profoundly engraved in every one of the social classes (Geggus 2002, p 14). A basic examination of the apparent monetary and social treacheries experienced by the gatherings is at last huge in understanding the causes and points of the St. Domingue Revolution. To be sure, a basic assessment of the social stepping stool in the French province is basic in grasping the causes and points of the St. Domingue Revolution from 1791-1804. The monetary demography of St. Domingue in the late eighteenth century    One can't discuss the St. Domingue Revolution (1791-1804) without clarifying the financial demography of the at that point, biggest French province. Commanded by agribusiness and exchanging relations, the French state was for sure fare persuaded. The pilgrim economy boosted on sugar, espresso, cotton and indigo manors. The state had 3000 espresso estates, 800 sugar ranches, 800 cotton manors and 2950 indigo ranches (Willie 2001, p 36). The far reaching estates put St. Domingue deliberately among the French provinces; truth be told, it was the most extravagant ranch state of the French. The second 50% of the eighteenth century saw St. Domingue grow to turn into the biggest exporter of espresso and sugar on the planet; this set France at a vital spot on the planet economy (Willie 2001, p 36). The expanded development and request in the pilgrim economy in St. Domingue set off the colonialists to consistently rebuild the estate frameworks. A consistent increment in the quantity of slaves in the settlement by the colonialists powered the destabilization of the social equalization in St. Domingue. In an offer to keep up a strong and flourishing pioneer agrarian economy, the colonialists oppressed the slaves into hard work, which therefore disintegrated their condition of opportunity and freedoms. The most reduced social class in the French province experienced social and monetary inadequacies that exacerbated their poor expectations for everyday comforts. The poor expectations for everyday comforts implied that the death pace of the slaves, soar and required the catch of more slaves for the further development of the provincial economy. The entangled economy in late century St. Domingue saw an expansion in the quantity of slaves, which prompted slave rebellions before 1791(Ma rsh and Nicola 2011, p 21). The craving of the captives to achieve opportunity and freedom encouraged the St. Domingue upset that students of history guarantee changed the scene of world issues, and added to the downfall of servitude. Thus, the social unevenness made by the monetary demography of St. Domingue prompted the commencement of the insurgency. The financial and social variations of the social gatherings    Economic and social differences were at the stature of the causes and points of the St. Domingue insurgency (Geggus 2002 p 14). The social classes frequently conflicted with each other in an offer to make sure about their social, financial and political judges. In any case, this was not a simple undertaking; thus, encouraging rehashed emergencies that acquired social and financial lopsided characteristics the state. The pioneer aces tried to keep up the colony’s monetary valor, and for this to occur, the persistent rubbing among the social conflicts proceeded definitely. Positively, the social stepping stool activated differences that increased the uneven characters in the province. The Les Grant Blancs who were conceived in the settlement communicated sentiments of discontent against the whites conceived from France, their country. The whites from France assumed responsibility for the most significant government workplaces in the state. The whites conceived in the settlement (creoles) communicated disappointment since they needed to take an interest viably in the administration (Geggus 2002, p 6). The powerlessness of the Les Grant Blancs to have a more noteworthy self-rule in the running of the frontier organization influenced their societal position in the province. The gathering apparent that being on the social stepping stool regarded it option to have self-governance over the issues of the state. The grower and rich individuals from the gathering apparent that the stately positions they were given in the get together was not equivalent to their economic wellbeing. The decrease of their status to minor blue-bloods encouraged their craving to order all the m ore establishing against the European-conceived colonialists. Thus, there was a social battle and awkwardness as the gathering looked to pick up the lawful privileges of controlling the province. The Les Grant Blancs additionally needed to have the opportunity of exchange. As the ranch proprietors, they needed to have increasingly financial independence from the returns of their produce. Clearly, the colonialists controlled the produce from the island, which was its significant resource in view of the vital financial advantages related with it. The French government presented the Exclusive exchange framework, which guaranteed that the control of products needed to come solely from France. In addition, the high tax assessment collected on the province didn't wood screw well with the gathering. The white manor proprietors constantly tried to have financial autonomy from the French government and the pioneer overseers. The financial battles between the Les Grant Blancs and the regal French pioneer chairmen brought monetary awkward nature that frequently compromised the incorporation of the gatherings. The white grower saw that the monetary advances were making treacheries that s hould have been tended to. As per Willie (2001, p 39), the Les Grant Blancs accepted that the state authorities squandered St. Domingue’s assets. Thusly, the manor proprietors and individuals from the gathering continually assaulted the official authorities from France. It was generally recognized that the abundance of the French states was basically intended to profit France, however not the settlements. This acquired blended responses the state, with the predominant whites pushing for the abolishment of substantial duties and a more prominent control of the colony’s exchange relations. The Les Petit Blanc comprising of poor white men didn't have great relations with their rich partners. The social abberations between the two gatherings caused sharp clashes that frequently came about into physical viciousness. The Les Petit Blanc didn't care for the way that their rich partners had tremendous riches, which they could just envision. The benefits that the Les Grant Blancs delighted in made a separated social structure that made the Les Petit Blanc second rate. The Mulattoes or free coloreds were additionally substandard compared to the rich grower and common officials. The cooperation between the poor whites and the Mulattoes just as the slaves made the rich whites to see them as less significant in the monetary status of the province. The monetary and social prevalence of the rich whites came about into stressed connections among them and the â€Å"Les Petit Blancs†. Without a doubt, the stressed connections originated from the monetary and social variations o f the colony’s structure. Of significance despite everything, is the connection between the whites and the Mulattoes/free coloreds. The differences between the social classes came as a result of the financial and social qualities of the Mulattoes. The free coloreds were viewed as amazingly aggressive and a danger to the social and monetary predominance of the whites. They were solid and demonstrated extraordinary possibilities of social versatility and ability to contend with the whites. Moreover, the vast majority of the Mulattoes were exceptionally taught; henceforth, presenting difficulties to the predominant whites. The whites didn't care for the quick rising nature of the free coloreds; they needed them to stay substandard compared to them and settle at the base of the social class stepping stool. The social and financial inconsistencies between the gatherings caused various clashes that destabilized the intensity of the frontier organization. Because of the enormous impact of the Mulattoes/free coloreds , the provincial governing body acquainted exacting laws with limit their impact (James 1963, p 97). The sanctioned laws restricted them from holding

Abercrombie and Fitch report Essay Example for Free

Abercrombie and Fitch report Essay ? Abercrombie and Fitch was built up in 1892, and initially was a retailer of outside and outdoor supplies. In 1976, it went bankrupted and was obtained by Limited Brands in 1988. Michael Jeffries was assigned to become CEO in 1992, and he drastically improved the status of A&F to be a worldwide design retailer. Presently the image of American style and darling brand by numerous clients around the world, Abercrombie and Fitch creates for the most part clothing, aroma and way of life merchandise focusing at shoppers matured from 18 to 25. There are 4 sub-marks in A&F which are Abercrombie and Fitch, Abercrombie Kids, Hollister and Gilly Hicks. Each sub-brand has its own attributes and its situating in the style advertise is somewhat extraordinary. Abercrombie and Fitch is established in East Coast customs and Ivy League legacy, it is the substance of benefit and easygoing extravagance (Abercrombie and Fitch Co. 2012, P. 3). Abercrombie Kids is for the children who need to resemble their more seasoned siblings or sisters and its center idea is easygoing and preppy looks. Hollister’s legacy originates from Southern California and was intended to speak to cool sea shore style. Gilly Hicks is the most current and littlest brand in A&F made uniquely for the girls’ garments or clothing. With the opening of a lead store in Canada in 2005, A&F began to enter the worldwide market. Presently it has 139 stores outside of the US, and it as of late opened stores in Seoul, South Korea and in Shanghai, China to venture into the Asian market. We picked Abercrombie and Fitch since we might want to perceive how fruitful this global clothing organization can be by demanding its All-American style in various societies. We needed to investigate its extraordinary retail technique and brand situating as this brand is looked for after a ton of youthful grown-up. A few questionable issues of A&F were t he integral factor in our decision of organization. Work Oriented Culture Of the considerable number of techniques which exist for clarifying social contrasts, â€Å"the dimensional methodology is more influential† (Peng and Meyer, 2011). Geert Hostede, a Dutch educator, set up the overall hypothesis comprising of five social measurements. The first is power separation which plots the desire and acknowledgment of the inconsistent dispersion of intensity by the less incredible individuals from a nation (Peng and Meyer, 2011). Independence versus community is the social measurement portrayed by whether theâ citizens see themselves as particularly unique or ward upon bunch inclusion. The third social measurement is manliness versus womanliness which alludes to the qualities, customary male or female, which are held in the most noteworthy respect. Deciding the degree to which an individual will grasp unsure conditions is the vulnerability shirking measurement. At last, long haul direction manages the accentuation the residents place upon â€Å"perse verance and reserve funds for future betterment† (Peng and Meyer, 2011). The US is the nation of origin of Abercrombie and Fitch. Scoring a 40 made the US be in the lower half of the nations for power separation. Chain of command is â€Å"established for convenience† (Geert-hofstede.com, 2014) as bosses are effectively open and impart casually. Data is free streaming as directors take input structure their subordinates. The US got the most elevated singularity score of 91. Residents are considered â€Å"the best joiners in the world† (Geert-hofstede.com, 2014). It isn't extraordinary for Americans to work with individuals with whom they are not comfortable as profound companionships are not regularly shaped. What an individual can do or has just done will decide their estimation of beingâ hired or advanced. Positioning fifteenth on the manliness scale with a score of 62 demonstrates a manly country. US firms make a culture of â€Å"live to work† (Geert-hofstede.com, 2014) where higher status and budgetary prizes are key driving variables. Pioneers which are strong and definitive are profou ndly esteemed. Workers who are less obvious and uncertain can't achieve achievement With a score of 46, the US is appeared to have a beneath normal vulnerability evasion. Development is very esteemed as new thoughts are immediately acknowledged. When contrasted with firms in higher vulnerability evasion nations, US firms will rapidly follow new, developing, and unsafe chances. The US is seventh from the base of the rundown for long haul direction with a score of 29. While future arranging is associated with US firms’ dynamic procedure, quarterly reports are unfathomably critical and limit the time firms can look forward. Employees’ investment funds rates in nations, for example, the US are a lot of lower than those in long haul situated countries. Home Region Oriented Firm Rugman and Verbeke in 2004 built up a ternion of monetary force comprising of Asia, the EU, and North America. Examination of 380 firms decided what number of were home-district arranged, bi-provincial, have locale situated, or worldwide (Rugman and Verbeke, 2004). A home-locale situated firm has â€Å"at least half of their deals in their home area of the triad† (Rugman and Verbeke, 2004). To be a bi-provincial organization, in any event 20% of all deals must occur in two districts, yet the organization can't have over half in the area where the organization is based. On the off chance that a firm has over half of its deals in a locale not quite the same as its home district then the firm is viewed as host area arranged. So as to be worldwide, a firm should have â€Å"at least 20% of their deals in every one of the three areas of the ternion, however under half in any one region† (Rugman and Verbeke, 2004). A&F is viewed as a home area arranged organization dependent on the discharged date from 2013. Of the $4,116.9 million in deals, 64.59% or $2,659.09 million is created in the home locale, North America. $1,116.78 million or 27.13% of every one of their business happen in the EU district. Asia is a long ways behind as the staying 8.28% of deals, 341.03 thousand dollars, is scattered across theâ rest of the world. No computations were required as the marketing projections and rates were given. (Csimarket.com, 2014). The business for which A&F works can clarify their business dissemination. As the organization is in the design and retail industry, its’ deals are staggeringly needy upon the proclivity of the clients for explicit brands and styles. Since the organization is situated in North America, the firm is significantly more acquainted with the pervasive style which would should be available to build deals. A&F additionally settled itself in their nation of origi n before growing. These elements could clarify the firm’s worldwide direction. Possession Advantages Initial, one downstream proprietorship favorable position of A&F is the ownership of a particular brand picture which isn't effectively imitable. The firm works under various brands †Abercrombie and Fitch, Abercrombie Kids, Hollister, and Gill Hicks †for marginally various targets. Each sub-brand speaks to an alternate brand picture yet they in the long run mean one major picture, â€Å"American Cool†. To the design retailers, the most significant proprietorship advantage is their own fundamental image picture. In this specific situation, A&F has its unmistakable situation in the design advertise and is utilizing their image picture effectively to pull in the clients (Abercrombie and Fitch Co. 2012, P. 3). Second, the other proprietorship preferred position of A&F is its’ in-store understanding. A&F invigorates the customers’ faculties of sight, sound, smell, and contact by using attractive male models, music, aromas, rich textures and inside structure. Clients (mostly females) can get an opportunity to snap a picture with the models, and this turned into a delegate in-store understanding of A&F. Moreover, A&F utilizes certain scent to pull in clients and to cause them to recall A&F for a more extended time than simply observing, which is called â€Å"scent marketing†. Likewise, the stores consistently play the video of the American sea shore to accentuate its â€Å"cool† image picture. A&F just sets up the lead stores and controls them through the administrators who are prepared in the US and sent to the universal leader stores to screen the entire activity. This framework makes it conceivable to move this in-store understanding to t he recently settled lead stores well indeed. In this manner, all A&F stores, even thoseâ overseas, are submitting the normalized in-store understanding by offering clients a similar encounter (Abercrombie and Fitch Co. 2012, p. 4). Uppsala Model and Network Internationalization Model †Differences â€Å"The Uppsala model perspectives that showcase information is increased uniquely by working straightforwardly in a market; along these lines the model spotlights on test knowledge† (Childs and Jin 2013, p. 38). As indicated by the Uppsala model, will expand their market responsibility step by step dependent on their involvement with the market and dependent on the information they gain in the market. Then again, as per the Network internationalization model, firms can begin their internationalization before they enter the market by settling system relationship ahead of time. In this way, firms don't need to follow the phases of the Uppsala model yet â€Å"building various such connections comprises an enormous and significant venture, and once settled, and authoritative or possession advantage† (Vahlne and Johanson 2013, p. 195). Uppsala Model and Network Internationalization Model †Similarities Both models consider the system as significant information that organizations should pick up. The system encourages data and experience by working up the trust in a relationship and furthermore by gaining from other market players. Inside the Uppsala model, the center idea of the progressive augmentation of a company’s internationalization into a market, which picks up the organization important experience, ought to be founded on the interaction with

5 Violent Books Im Glad I Pushed Myself to Read

5 Violent Books I’m Glad I Pushed Myself to Read I’m just going to put it right out there, folks: I’m writing about violent books, but I am the most irritating kind of wimp. I’m that girl who knows she’s afraid of the water, but can’t stop herself from sticking her toe in to test it anyway, only to scream for the nearest lifeguard the instant an incoming wave crests above her ankle. Except water isn’t what scares me (…well, mostlyâ€"just don’t get me started on sharks, okay?). The scary seas I’m perversely drawn to are violent, frightening stories. To test the water is to read the Wikipedia entry for Silence of the Lambs or Google images of Freddy Krueger and the Babadook. And to holler “S.O.S.!!!” is to text my dear friend who writes horror stories and holds a degree in film, so I can torment her with questions like “But do you ever actually hear the lambs?” and “Why do they keep making more movies about this man???” Why do I keep looking at these things, knowing they’ll give me nightmares? Sometimes, it’s logical: violent books and scary stories are less powerful when I know how they end. Sometimes, to be sure, it’s a tinge masochistic. But sometimes, it’s because I know I miss out on good stories by being so squeamish. Sometimes, the stories that scare me the most are the ones I most need to hear. Sometimes, violence in a story says something importantâ€"something I don’t want to miss. That’s why, on occasion, I’ve pushed myself to watch, read, or listen to stories that push the boundaries of what I can normally handle. Here are five violent books that made me grateful I spent time in the frightening worlds beyond my comfort zone, and the five very different reasons why they did. Saga by Brian K. Vaughan and Fiona Staples (Image): Because the violence is necessary to tell the story. I first became aware of Saga, the story of two citizens of warring alien nations who fall in love and go on the run with their child, by way of this hilarious essay by superhero scholar Glen Weldon. At the time, Saga sounded so violent I assumed I’d have to avoid it forever. I mean, no way could I handle a ghost whose intestines visibly dangled from her body, right? But today, that violently-murdered spirit is one of my all-time favorite characters, and I grab new trade paperbacks of Saga the instant they’re released. The thing is, Saga is a tale of love and war, and it takes both halves of that coin seriously. The violence in the series may be lurid, and it’s frequently heartbreaking, but it’s there to show how war disproportionately harms the innocentâ€"and what happens next. I grieve the war crimes I see in the pages of this comic, but I always feel the comic itself grieves with me, all while telling a story so compelling I couldn’t look away now if I wanted to. Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl by Harriet Ann Jacobs: Because this violence really happened, and it’s important to know about. I can’t think of a better reason to read something with violent content than to learn more about systemic violence, and Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl is an indispensable portrait of oppression that deepened my understanding of sexist and racist power structures both past and present. It’s an autobiographical narrative that details how slavery and sexual violence not only devastated Jacobs’s own life, but also impacted everyone in her family. Particularly if you’re concerned about the ways women’s bodies are controlled in the United States in 2018, this tale of a black woman whose body was literally owned by a white man in 1825 is essential reading. Kafka on the Shore by Haruki Murakami: Because one violent scene doesn’t always ruin the whole book. Before I get too excited about Kafka on the Shore, let me stamp a great big content warning on it for animal violence. There’s one particularly brutal scene that I still kind of wish I hadn’t read, and that doesn’t do much beyond making the point that yes, indeed, the mysterious creepy villain we’ve been following is very scary. This isn’t one of the cases where I was okay with the violence in a story because that violence served a greater purpose. On the contrary, it was a situation where even though that one violent scene upset me a lot, it wasn’t enough to make me regret reading the book as a whole. Kafka on the Shore is a weird, whimsical book that reads like Alice in Wonderland might if it were about the after-effects of nuclear war, and I’m glad I visited its world even if I’m equally glad I don’t have to live there full-time. Mr. Splitfoot by Samantha Hunt: Because one violent scene actually made the book even better. I think of  Mr. Splitfootâ€"the story of two children, one of whom might or might not be psychic, who escape the foster care of a cult leaderâ€"as the opposite of Kafka on the Shore. Where Kafka on the Shore has a single gruesome scene that establishes its villain’s fearsomeness in an excessive way, Mr. Splitfoot has a single gruesome scene that establishes its villain’s fearsomeness to just the right degree. It adds just the right amount of chilling “ick” to the story, and it lasts just long enough (i.e., not long). Its eeriness fits well tonally with the rest of the book, which keeps us guessing to the end whether our protagonists are dealing with natural or supernatural forces. Bird Box by Josh Malerman: Because sometimes, I read a hardcore horror novel?? That’s right, dear readers: after all that, I finally managed to read my very first legitimate horror novel! It was harrowing…and I loved it. The premise of Bird Box is that people all over the world are seeing something that causes them to inflict horrifying acts of violence on themselves and others. In response, survivors only ever leave their homes blindfolded. Amidst all the chills, I was delighted to discover a lot of warmth in this book: ultimately, it’s about both the best and the worst of what horrific events bring out in people. This may sound like a stretch, but I’d recommend Bird Box to fans of Emily St. John Mandel’s Station Eleven: both are startlingly humane renderings of what our world might look like if it were demolished, and they share a haunting tenderness that makes me remember them both with fondness rather than fright. How well do you tolerate violence in your reading material? What violent books have you read that used violence constructivelyâ€"or not so constructively? My wimpy heart welcomes recommendations and warnings alike! And, find 50 recommendations for horror novels here.

Pythagoras Had Viewed Music As A Science And Believed That...

Pythagoras had viewed music as a science and believed that all could be understood through equations and ratios. In fact, a pythagorean dream would be to reduce the whole understanding of the world to number. But, despite Pythagoras, some philosophers and musicians’ views might differ. In the 20th century, a series of musicians experimented with thoughts of what music was. Of the many, Theodor Adorno, Milton Babbitt, and Glenn Gould all express influential thoughts on the subject in differing ways. First, Theodor Adorno introduces the Aesthetic Theory, which is anchored by the philosophic study of art. Adorno speaks not only on the focuses of base aesthetic preoccupations such as function of beauty and greatness in art, but he also speaks on the relationship between art and society. He feels that modern art shouldn’t be limited by the restraints of simply needing to appease the popular or wealthy. A separation from these restrictions would lead to an expanded critical c apacity and increased formal autonomy. Consequently, this newfound autonomy, though freeing, would give artists a responsibility for social commentary. However, Adorno does not imply that politicized art is the best that can come from art. There is a more abstract â€Å"truth-content† that can be created. â€Å"Truth-content† is when art challenges ideals or beliefs or hints at how life could be improved upon without actually changing anything. He focuses on the â€Å"truth-content† of the art instead of the subjectShow MoreRelatedSimilarities Between Kepler And Kepler s Platonist Geometric Cosmology1462 Words   |  6 Pagesappearance of the irregularity in the motions of the sun and the plants as astronomers viewed from the Earth. The notion that the planets were celestial three-dimensional spheres rather than concrete two-dimensional objects contributed to the naming of Pythagoras’s theory, known as the Harmony of the Spheres. The Music of the Spheres, also known as Musica Universalis, originated from the Greek philosopher, Pythagoras. During his time, the celestial spheres created a musical harmony through â€Å"whole-numberRead MorePlato And His Influences On Plato s Philosophy1370 Words   |  6 PagesWestern world and best known for his works of unparalleled influence. Plato is considered to have laid the foundation of Western philosophy and science. He was a teacher of Aristotle, his most famous student and Plato was influenced by many philosophers, named Socrates, Parmenides, Pythagoras, Heraclitus, although he was a student of Socrates. Each philosopher had their own impact on Platonic ideas or theory. Heraclitus influenced Plato’s conception of the sensible world. Parmenides and Zeno played aRead MoreLife After Death and Philosophical Ideals3354 Words   |  14 Pages Throughout human history, ideas about the afterlife have shaped the psychological ideals of the societies that come into contact with them. Though some might argue that it is science, specifically, that has shaped our way of life beyond all else, this is too narrow an idea because science has only recently become a part of many people’s daily lives. Beliefs about the afterlife have shaped the psychological ideals of whole societies as well as altering the daily lives of the individualsRead MoreBranches of Philosophy8343 Words   |  34 Pagescognitive science. †¢ Philosophy of language is the reasoned inquiry into the nature, origins, and usage of language. Most academic subjects have a philosophy, for example the philosophy of science, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of logic, the philosophy of law, and the philosophy of history. In addition, a range of academic subjects have emerged to deal with areas which would have historically been the subject of philosophy. These include psychology, anthropology and science. [edit]Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagessources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2011, 2007, 2005, 2002, 1998 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any

127 Hours Essay - 844 Words

Irony thrusts its way into Aron Ralston’s powerful memoir, Between a Rock and a Hard Place. The idiomatic expression, â€Å"stuck between a rock and a hard place† is often utilized by those faced with two unpleasant choices. The title of his book is where irony first takes stage. If not for the rock, Ralston’s right arm would still be in place and his appreciation for life would remain unchanged. Surprisingly, Ralston has no bitter resentment toward the canyon where he spent 127 hours trapped between a wedged boulder and a canyon wall. Instead, he was eternally grateful for this circumstance even though it so nearly ended his life. It is no wonder why his story inspired people all over the world—especially those who share his infatuation†¦show more content†¦Due to this trial, Aron Ralston gained an even stronger sense of passion for nature itself and an enlightened perspective on destiny. 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Office: G110K E-mail: maryzaglewski@clayton.edu Phone: 678-466-4880 Clayton State University - English 1101 Course Syllabus Course Title: English Composition I Course Description: This course focuses on skills required for effective writing in a variety ofRead MoreCal State Fullerton Ethic Questions1640 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿1/ Please read the following text reproduced from Neil Postman s Amusing Ourselves to Death (New York: Penguin, 1985. 127-128): The television commercial is the most peculiar and pervasive form of communication to issue forth from the electric plug. The move away from the use of propositions in commercial advertising began at the end of the nineteenth century. 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The Return Midnight Chapter 22 Free Essays

string(142) " who tried to talk to him in a cramped little room with a video camera in one corner of the wal , perfectly obvious even though it was smal \." â€Å"Ma ma said not in Fel ‘s Church,†Mrs. Flowers repeated to Stefan. â€Å"And that means not the thicket. We will write a custom essay sample on The Return: Midnight Chapter 22 or any similar topic only for you Order Now † â€Å"All right,†Stefan said. â€Å"If he’s not there, then where else?† â€Å"Well,†Elena said slowly, â€Å"it’s the police, isn’t it? They’ve caught him.†Her heart felt as if it were in her stomach. Mrs. Flowers sighed. â€Å"I suppose so. Ma ma should have told me that, but the atmosphere is ful of strange influences.† â€Å"But the sheriff’s department is in Fel ‘s Church. What there is of it,†Elena objected. â€Å"Then,†Mrs. Flowers said, â€Å"what about the police in another city close by? The ones who came looking for him before – â€Å" â€Å"Ridgemont,†Elena said heavily. â€Å"That’s where those police that searched the boardinghouse were from. That’s where that Mossberg guy came from, Meredith said.†She looked at Meredith, who didn’t even murmur. â€Å"That’s where Caroline’s dad has al his big-shot friends – and Tyler Smal wood’s dad does too. They belong to al those no-women clubs with does too. They belong to al those no-women clubs with secret handshakes and stuff.† â€Å"And do we have anything like a plan for when we get there?†Stefan asked. â€Å"I have a sort of Plan A,†Elena admitted. â€Å"But I don’t know that it wil work – you may know better than I do.† â€Å"Tell me.† Elena told him. Stefan listened and had to stifle a laugh. â€Å"I think,†he said soberly afterward, â€Å"that it just might work.† Elena immediately began to think about Plans B and C so that they wouldn’t be stuck if Plan A should fail. They had to drive through Fel ‘s Church to get to Ridgemont. Elena saw the burnt-out houses and the blackened trees through tears. This was her town, the town which, as a spirit, she had watched over and protected. How could it have come to this? And, worse, how could it ever possibly be put back together again? Elena began to shiver uncontrol ably. Matt sat grimly in the jury conference room. He had explored it long ago, and had found that the windows were boarded over from the outside. He wasn’t surprised, as al the windows he knew back in Fel ‘s Church were boarded up, and besides, he had tried these boards and knew that he could break out if he cared to. He didn’t care to. It was time to face his personal crisis. He would have faced it back before Damon had taken the three girls to the Dark Dimension, but Meredith had talked him out of it. Matt knew that Mr. Forbes, Caroline’s father, had al his cronies in the police and legal system here. And so did Mr. Smal wood, the father of the real culprit. They were unlikely to give him a fair trial. But in any kind of trial, at some point they would at least have to listen to him. And what they would hear was the plain truth. They might not believe it now. But later, when Caroline’s twins had as little control as werewolf babies were reputed to have over their shapes – Well, then they’d think of Matt, and what he’d said. He was doing the right thing, he assured himself. Even if, right now, his insides felt as if they were made of lead. What’s the worst they can do to me? he wondered, and was unhappy to hear the echo of Meredith’s voice come back. â€Å"They can put you in jail, Matt. Real jail; you’re over eighteen. And while that may be good news for some genuine, vicious, tough old felons with homemade tattoos and biceps like tree branches, it is not going to be good news for you.† And then after a session on the Internet, â€Å"Matt, in Virginia, it can be for life. And the minimum is five years. Matt, please; I beg you, don’t let them do this to you! Sometimes it’s true that discretion is the better part of valor. They hold all the cards and we’re walking blindfolded in the dark†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She had gotten surprisingly worked up about it, mixing her metaphors and al , Matt thought dejectedly. But it’s not exactly as if I volunteered for this. And I bet they know those boards are pretty flimsy and if I break out, I’l be chased from here to who-knows-where. And if I stay put at least I’l get to tel the truth. For a very long time nothing happened. Matt could tel from the sun through the cracks in the boards that it was afternoon. A man came in and offered a visit to the bathroom and a Coke. Matt accepted both, but also demanded an attorney and his phone cal . â€Å"You’l have an attorney,†the man grumbled at him as Matt came out of the bathroom. â€Å"One’l be appointed for you.† â€Å"I don’t want that. I want a real attorney. One that I pick.† The man looked disgusted. â€Å"Kid like you can’t have any money. You’l take the attorney appointed to you.† â€Å"My mom has money. She’d want me to have the attorney we hire, not some kid out of law school.† â€Å"Aw,†the man said, â€Å"how sweet. You want Mommy to take care of you. And her al the way out in Clydesdale by now, I bet, with the black lady doctor.† Matt froze. Shut back in the jury room he tried frantical y to think. How did they know where his mom and Dr. Alpert had gone? He tried the sound of â€Å"black lady doctor† on his tongue and found it tasted bad, sort of old-time-ish and just plain bad. If the doctor had been Caucasian and male, it would’ve sounded sil y to say â€Å"†¦gone with the white man doctor.† Sort of like an old Tarzan film. A great anger was rising in Matt. And along with it a great fear. Words slithered around his mind: surveillance and spying and conspiracy and cover-up. And outwitted. He guessed it was after five o’clock, after everybody who normal y worked at court had left, that they took him to the interrogation room. They were just playing, he figured, the two officers who tried to talk to him in a cramped little room with a video camera in one corner of the wal , perfectly obvious even though it was smal . You read "The Return: Midnight Chapter 22" in category "Essay examples" They took turns, one yel ing at him that he might as well confess everything, the other acting sympathetic and saying things like, â€Å"Things just got out of hand, right? We have a picture of the hickey she gave you. She was hot stuff, right?†Wink, wink. â€Å"I understand. But then she started to give you mixed signals†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Matt reached his snapping point. â€Å"No, we were not on a date, no, she did not give me a hickey, and when I tel Mr. Forbes you cal ed Caroline hot stuff, winkey winkey, he’s gonna get you fired, mister. And I’ve heard of mixed signals, but I’ve never seen them. I can hear ‘no’as well as you can, and I figure one ‘no’means ‘no’!† After that they beat him up a little bit. Matt was surprised, but considering the way he had just threatened and sassed them, not too surprised. And then they seemed to give up on him, leaving him alone in the interrogation room, which, unlike the jury room, had no windows. Matt said over and over, for the benefit of the video camera, â€Å"I’m innocent and I’m being denied my phone cal and my attorney. I’m innocent†¦Ã¢â‚¬  At last they came and got him. He was hustled between the good and bad cops into a completely empty courtroom. No, not empty, he realized. In the first row were a few reporters, one or two with sketchbooks ready. When Matt saw that, just like a real trial, and imagined the pictures they’d sketch – just like he’d seen on TV, the lead in his stomach turned into a fluttering feeling of panic. But this was what he wanted, wasn’t it, to get the story out? He was led to an empty table. There was another table, with several well-dressed men, al with piles of papers in front of them. But the thing that held Matt’s attention at that table was Caroline. He didn’t recognize her at first. She was wearing a dove gray cotton dress. Gray! With no jewelry on at all, and subtle makeup. The only color was in her hair – a brazen auburn. It looked like her old hair, not the brindled color it had been when she was starting to become a werewolf. Had she learned to control her form at last? That was bad news. Very bad. And final y, with an air of walking on eggshel s, in came the jury. They had to know how irregular this was, but they kept coming in, just twelve of them, just enough to fil the jury seats. Matt suddenly realized that there was a judge sitting at the desk high above him. Had he been there al along? No†¦ â€Å"Al rise for Justice Thomas Hol oway,†boomed a bailiff. Matt stood and wondered if the trial was real y going to start without his lawyer. But before everyone could sit, there was a crash of opening doors, and a tal bundle of papers on legs hurried into the courtroom, became a woman in her early twenties, and dumped the papers on the table beside him. â€Å"Gwen Sawicki here – present,†the young woman gasped. Judge Hol oway’s neck shot out like a tortoise’s, to bring her into his realm of sight. â€Å"You have been appointed on behalf of the defense?† â€Å"If it pleases Your Honor, yes, Your Honor – al of thirty minutes ago. I had no idea we had gone to night sessions, Your Honor.† â€Å"Don’t you be pert with me!†Judge Hol oway snapped. As he went on to al ow the prosecution attorneys to introduce themselves, Matt pondered on the word â€Å"pert.†It was another of those words, he thought, that was never used toward males. A pert man was a joke. While a pert girl or woman sounded just fine. But why? â€Å"Cal me Gwen,†a voice whispered beside him, and Matt looked to see a girl with brown eyes and brown hair back in a ponytail. She wasn’t exactly pretty, but she looked honest and straightforward, which made her the prettiest thing in the room. â€Å"I’m Matt – Well, obviously,†Matt said. â€Å"Is this your girl, Carolyn?†Gwen was whispering, showing a picture of the old Caroline at some dance, wearing stilts, and with tanned legs that went up and up to almost meet before a miniskirt took over, black and lacy. She had on a white blouse so tight at the bust that it hardly seemed able to contain her natural assets. Her makeup was exactly the opposite of subtle. â€Å"Her name’s Caroline and she’s never been my girl, but that’s her – the real her,†Matt whispered. â€Å"Before Klaus came and did something to her boyfriend, Tyler Smal wood. But I have to tel you what happened when she found out she was pregnant – â€Å" She’d gone nuts, was what had happened. No one knew where Tyler was – dead after the final fight against Klaus, turned into a ful wolf in hiding; whatever. So Caroline had tried to pin it on Matt – until Shinichi appeared and became her boyfriend. But Shinichi and Misao were playing a cruel joke on her, pretending that Shinichi would marry her. It was after she realized that Shinichi didn’t care at allthat Caroline had gone total y bal istic, and had real y tried to make Matt fit the gaping hole in her life. Matt did his best to explain this to Gwen so she could explain it to the jury, until the judge’s voice interrupted him. â€Å"We wil dispense with opening arguments,†said Judge Hol oway, â€Å"since the hour is so late. Wil the prosecution cal its first witness?† â€Å"Wait! Objection!†Matt shouted, ignoring Gwen’s tugging at his arm and her hissing: â€Å"You can’t object to the judge’s rulings!† â€Å"And the judge can’t do this to me,†Matt said, twitching his T-shirt back from between her fingers. â€Å"I haven’t even had a chance to meet with my public defender yet!† â€Å"Maybe you should have accepted a public defender earlier,†replied the judge, sipping from a glass of water. He suddenly thrust his head at Matt and snapped, â€Å"Eh?† â€Å"That’s ridiculous,†cried Matt. â€Å"You wouldn’t give me my phone cal to get a lawyer!† â€Å"Did he ever ask for a phone cal ?†Judge Hol oway snapped, his eyes traveling around the room. The two officers who had beat Matt up solemnly shook their heads. At this, the bailiff, whom Matt suddenly recognized as the guy who’d kept him in the jury room for around four hours, began wagging his head back and forth in the negative. They al three wagged, almost in unison. â€Å"Then you forfeited that right by not asking for it,†the judge snapped. It seemed to be his only way of speaking. â€Å"You can’t demand it in the middle of a trial. Now, as I was saying – â€Å" â€Å"I object!† Matt shouted even louder. â€Å"They’re al lying! Look at your own tapes of them interrogating me. Al I kept saying – â€Å" â€Å"Counselor,†the judge snarled at Gwen, â€Å"control your client or you wil be held in contempt of court!† â€Å"You have to shut up,†Gwen hissed at Matt. â€Å"You can’t make me shut up! You can’t have this trial while you’re breaking al the rules!† â€Å"Shut your trap!† The judge belted out the words at a surprising volume. He then added, â€Å"The next person to make a remark without my express permission shal be held in contempt of court to the tune of a night in jail and five hundred dol ars.† He paused to look around to see if this had sunk in. â€Å"Now,†he said. â€Å"Prosecution, cal your first witness.† â€Å"We cal Caroline Beulah Forbes to the stand.† Caroline’s figure had changed. Her stomach was sort of upside-down-avocado-shaped now. Matt heard murmurs. â€Å"Caroline Beula Forbes, do you swear that the testimony you shal give wil be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth?† Somewhere deep inside, Matt was shaking. He didn’t know if it was mostly anger or mostly fear or an equal combination of both. But he felt like a geyser ready to blow – not necessarily because he wanted to, but because forces beyond his control were taking hold of him. Gentle Matt, Quiet Matt, Obedient Matt – he had left al those behind somewhere. Raging Matt, Rampaging Matt, that was about al he could be. From a dim outside world, voices came filtering into his reverie. And one voice pricked and stung like a nettle. â€Å"Do you recognize the boy you have named as your former boyfriend Matthew Jeffrey Honeycutt here in this room?† â€Å"Yes,†the prickly nettle voice said softly. â€Å"He’s sitting at the defense table, in the gray T-shirt.† Matt’s head flew up. He looked Caroline straight in the eye. â€Å"You know that’s a lie,†he said. â€Å"We never went on one date together. Ever.† The judge, who had seemed to be asleep, now woke up. â€Å"Bailiff!†he snapped. â€Å"Restrain the defendant immediately.† Matt tensed. As Gwen Sawicki moaned, Matt suddenly found himself being held while duct tape was wrapped round and round his mouth. He fought. He tried to get up. So they duct-taped him around his waist to the chair. As they final y left him alone, the judge said, â€Å"If he runs off with that chair, you wil pay it out of your own salary, Miz Sawicki.† Matt could feel Gwen Sawicki trembling beside him. Not with fear. He could recognize the about-to-explode expression and realized that she was going to be next. And then the judge would hold her in contempt and who would speak up for him? He met her eyes and shook his head firmly at her. But he also shook his head at every lie Caroline came up with. â€Å"We had to keep it a secret, our relationship,†Caroline was saying demurely, straightening the gray dress. â€Å"Because Tyler Smal wood, my previous boyfriend, might have found out. Then he would have – I mean, I didn’t want any trouble between them.† Yeah, Matt thought bitterly: you’d better walk careful y – because Tyler’s dad probably has as many good friends in here as yours does. More. Matt tuned out until he heard the prosecutor say, â€Å"And did anything unusual happen on the night in question?† â€Å"Well, we went out together in his car. We went over near the boardinghouse†¦no one would see us there†¦Yes, I – I’m afraid I did give him a†¦a love-bite. But after that I wanted to leave, but he didn’t stop. I had to try to fight him off. I scratched him with my nails – â€Å" â€Å"The prosecution offers Peoples’Exhibit 2 – a picture of the deep fingernail scores on the defendant’s arm – â€Å" Gwen’s eyes, meeting Matt’s, looked dul . Beaten. She showed Matt a picture of what he remembered: the deep marks made by the huge malach’s teeth when he had pul ed his arm out of its mouth. â€Å"The defense wil stipulate†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"So admitted.† â€Å"But no matter how I screamed and fought†¦Well, he was too strong, and I – I couldn’t – â€Å"Caroline tossed her head in agony of remembered shame. Tears flooded from her eyes. â€Å"Your Honor, perhaps the defendant needs a break to freshen her makeup,†Gwen suggested bitterly. â€Å"Young lady, you are getting on my nerves. The prosecution can care for its own clients – I mean witnesses – â€Å" â€Å"Your witness†¦Ã¢â‚¬  – from the prosecution. Matt had scribbled as much of the real story as he could onto a blank sheet of paper while Caroline’s theatrics had gone on. Gwen was now reading this. â€Å"So,†she said, â€Å"your ex, Tyler Smal wood, is not and has never been a† – she swal owed – â€Å"a werewolf.† Through her tears of shame Caroline laughed lightly. â€Å"Of course not. Werewolves aren’t real.† â€Å"Like vampires.† â€Å"Vampires aren’t real either, if that’s what you mean. How could they be?†Caroline was looking into every shadow of the room as she said this. Gwen was doing a good job, Matt realized. Caroline’s demure patina was beginning to chip. â€Å"And people never come back from the dead – in these modern times, I mean,†Gwen said. â€Å"Well, as to that† – malice had crept into Caroline’s voice – â€Å"if you just go to the boardinghouse in Fel ‘s Church, you can see that there’s a girl cal ed Elena Gilbert, who was supposed to have drowned last year. On Founder’s Day, after the parade. She was Miss Fel ‘s Church, of course.† There was a murmur among the reporters. Supernatural stuff sold better than anything else, especial y if a pretty girl was involved. Matt could see a smirk making the rounds. â€Å"Order! Miz Sawicki, you wil keep to the facts in this case!† â€Å"Yes, Your Honor.†Gwen looked thwarted. â€Å"Okay, Caroline, let’s go back to the day of the al eged assault. After the events you have narrated, did you cal the police at once?† â€Å"I was†¦too ashamed. But then I realized I might be pregnant or have some horrid disease, and I knew I had to tel .† â€Å"But that horrid disease wasn’t lycanthropy – being a werewolf, right? Because that couldn’t be true.† Gwen looked anxiously down at Matt and Matt looked bleakly up at her. He’d hoped that if Caroline were forced to keep talking about werewolves she would eventual y start to twitch. But she seemed to have complete control over herself now. The judge seemed furious. â€Å"Young lady, I won’t have my court made a joke with any more supernatural nonsense!† Matt stared at the ceiling. He was going to jail. For a long time. For something he hadn’t done. For something he would never do. And besides, now, there might be reporters going over to the boardinghouse to bother Elena and Stefan. Damn! Caroline had managed to get that in despite the blood oath she’d made never to give their secret away. Damon had signed that oath as well. For a moment Matt wished that Damon were back and right here, to take revenge on her. Matt didn’t care how many times he got cal ed â€Å"Mutt†if Damon would just appear. But Damon didn’t. Matt realized that the duct tape around his middle was low enough that he could slam his head against the defense table. He did this, making a smal boom. â€Å"If your client wishes to be completely immobilized, Miz Sawicki, it can be – â€Å" But then they al heard it. Like an echo, but delayed. And much louder than the sound of a head striking a table. BOOM! And again. BOOM! And then the distant, disturbing sound of doors slamming open as if they had been hit by a battering ram. At this point the people in the courtroom Stillcould have scattered. But where was there to go? BOOM! Another, closer door slamming open. â€Å"Order! Order in the courtroom!† Footsteps sounded down the wooden floor of the corridor. â€Å"Order! Order!† But no one, not even a judge, could stop this many people from muttering. And late in the evening, in a locked courthouse, after al that talk of vampires and werewolves†¦ Footsteps coming closer. A door, quite near, crashing and creaking. A ripple of†¦something†¦went through the courtroom. Caroline gasped, clutching at her bulging stomach. â€Å"Bar those doors! Bailiff! Lock them!† â€Å"Bar them how, Your Honor? And they only lock from the outside!† Whatever it was, it was very close – The doors to the courtroom opened, creaking. Matt put a calming hand on Gwen’s wrist, twisting his neck to see behind him. Standing in the doorway was Saber, looking, as always, as big as a smal pony. Mrs. Flowers walked beside him; Stefan and Elena drew up the rear. Heavy clicking footsteps as Saber, alone, went up to Caroline, who was gasping and quivering. Utter silence as everyone took in the sight of the giant beast, his coat ebony black, his eyes dark and moist as he took a leisurely look around the courtroom. Then, deep in his chest, Saber went hmmf. Around Matt people were gasping and writhing, as if they itched al over. He stared and saw Gwen staring along with him as the gasping became a panting. Final y Saber tilted his nose to the ceiling and howled. What happened after that wasn’t pretty from Matt’s point of view. Not seeing Caroline’s nose and mouth jut out to make a muzzle. Not seeing her eyes recede into smal , deep, fur-lined holes. And her hands, fingers shrinking into helplessly waving paws, widespread, with black claws. That wasn’t pretty. But the animal at the end was beautiful. Matt didn’t know if she’d absorbed her gray dress or shucked it off or what. He did know that a handsome gray wolf leaped from the defendant’s chair to lick up at Saber’s chops, rol ing al the way on the floor to frolic around the huge animal, who was so obviously the alpha wolf. Saber made another deep hmmf sound. The wolf that had been Caroline rubbed her snout lovingly against his neck. And it was happening in other places in the room. Both of the prosecutors, three of the jurors†¦the judge himself†¦ They were al changing, not to attack, but to forge their social bonds with this huge wolf, an alpha if ever there was one. â€Å"We talked to him al the way,†Elena explained in between cursing the duct tape in Matt’s hair. â€Å"About not being aggressive and snapping off heads – Damon told me he did that once.† â€Å"We didn’t want a bunch of murders,†Stefan agreed. â€Å"And we knew no animal would be as big as he was. So we concentrated on bringing out al the wolf in him we could – wait, Elena – I’ve got the tape on this side. Sorry about this, Matt.† A sting as tape ripped free – and Matt put a hand to his mouth. Mrs. Flowers was snipping the duct tape that held him to the chair. Suddenly he was entirely free and he felt like shouting. He hugged Stefan, Elena, and Mrs. Flowers, saying, â€Å"Thank you!† Gwen, unfortunately, was being sick in a trash can. Actual y, Matt thought, she was lucky in having secured one. A juror was being sick over the railing. â€Å"This is Ms. Sawicki,†Matt said proudly. â€Å"She came in after the trial had begun, and did a real y good job for me.† â€Å"He said ‘Elena,'†Gwen whispered when she could speak. She was staring at a smal wolf, with patches of thinning hair, that came limping down from the judge’s chair to cavort around Saber, who was accepting al such gestures with dignity. â€Å"I’m Elena,†said Elena, in between giving Matt mighty hugs. â€Å"The one who’s†¦supposed to be dead?† Elena took a moment out to hug Gwen. â€Å"Do I feel dead?† â€Å"I – I don’t know. No. But – â€Å" â€Å"But I have a pretty little headstone in the Fel ‘s Church cemetery,†Elena assured her – then suddenly, with a change in countenance, â€Å"Did Caroline tel you that?† â€Å"She told the whole room that. Especial y the reporters.† Stefan looked at Matt and smiled wryly. â€Å"You may just live to have your revenge on Caroline.† â€Å"I don’t want revenge anymore. I just want to go home. I mean – â€Å"He looked at Mrs. Flowers in consternation. â€Å"If you can think of my house as ‘home’while your dear mother is away, I am very happy,†said Mrs. Flowers. â€Å"Thank you,†Matt said quietly. â€Å"I real y mean that. But Stefan†¦what are the reporters going to write?† â€Å"If they’re smart, they won’t write anything at all.† How to cite The Return: Midnight Chapter 22, Essay examples

Rgis Lawsuit free essay sample

The company in my state that was involved in a lawsuit is RGIS. Some of the factors related to this case is not being paid for transportation to and from inventory sites, time spent waiting to start inventory, and not given itemized wage statements. RGIS is an inventory chain who is guided by a set of core values that helped them grow from a small, regional operation to a global leader serving many of the largest companies on the planet. It was founded by Thomas Nicholson in 1958 and I worked from them for four years. RGIS to date still denies any wrong doing. RGIS is claimed to have violated the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act and the wage and hour laws. They had failed to properly pay all wages and overtime compensation to its employees. The lawsuit was brought on behalf of the many thousands of current and former RGIS auditors threw out the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on Rgis Lawsuit or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The goal of the lawsuit was said to make RGIS compensate us for all hours’ worked and future violations to come by them. This lawsuit began in 2000 and has been on going to as late as 2011. Due to the negligence and ineffective procedures of RGIS the courts ruled in the favor of the claimants. As a result RGIS was set to pay out over $27 million in damages as of July 2011. As we all know the lawyers in this case got the bulk of the money, but I did receive a fair share for what I had been thru. Although there is no way to prevent every occurrence in the workplace, there is numerous things management can do to lessen the frequency of this destructive or pervasive behavior. The management of RGIS could have better mitigated the risk of this type of lawsuit by having better transportation pay and compensation in place. I really don’t think there is much to be done in this case right now. The only thing that could be done wasn’t done in the beginning. I believe if they only took the time to listen, and then react they would’ve had a better outcome. You would think with all the corporate knowledge they could have come to a better decision about paying people instead of being sued by their workers. This paper will provide an opinion of alternative resolutions they could have worked in this case. The resolutions I will be talking about are dispute settlements, negotiations, mediation, arbitration and court . Dispute settlements are means of resolving disagreements outside jurisdiction of the courts. There were several different settlement methods that were available for the parties involved. Negotiations is the type were disputants could have talked about their disagreements and precede a settlement satisfactory to all those involved. Mediation is another form of resolution. In mediation, a qualified individual or mediator whose used to arrive at agreements that pleases everyone. Arbitration resolution a disagreement is submitted to an arbitrator for a judgment. Arbitration can be binding or nonbinding. It is supposed to necessiate less cost than litigation. But in this case parties could not come to an agreement which ultimately lead to court precedings. In the case the last resort is court. This is the end result for defendants RGIS.

French Imperialism and the Struggles of Vietnam essays

French Imperialism and the Struggles of Vietnam essays Nguyen Thai Hoc tried to fight against the imperialism of the French, so he formed the Vietnamese Nationalist Party during the 1920s. Nguyen explains in his document, "Letter to the French Chamber of Deputies," how everyone has the right to defend his own land, and if the French are going to try and rule over his country, then why are Vietnamese treated in a completely different way from the French citizens? When looking at the French document entitled, "National Assembly, Declaration of the Rights of Man And Of The Citizen" one passage describes the rights of the French citizen. The documents states, Men are born free and remain free and equal in rights. How can a country that believes in these rights have the ability to take control over Vietnam and treat these native people with no respect or care for their well-being? Another intriguing document is Jules Ferry's Speech Before The National Assembly. Ferry points out how he feels that, Superior races have the rights over inferior races and that French Imperialism is a necessity that will benefit not only France but also Europe as a whole, as if that region is the only that matters. Ferry believes France is doing nothing wrong by taking over other countries, controlling how they live and what type of government they can and cannot have. Nguyen feels the French are holding back Vietnams chance of growing on its own and that the French need to leave. The document, by Phan Thanh Gian, entitled, "Letter To Emperor Tu Duc And Last Message to his Administrators, shows how the French came to Vietnam in the 1830s and ended up staying in Vietnam, sending more and more troops to fight against the Vietnamese. They did this until they sustained a sufficient amount of control over the country. The French kept expanding their power, and eventually the Viet namese had to give up their fight. It is very fascinating to read the idea...

Kosmoceratops - Facts and Figures

Kosmoceratops - Facts and Figures Name: Kosmoceratops (Greek for ornate horned face); pronounced KOZZ-moe-SEH-rah-tops Habitat: Plains and woodlands of North America Historical Period: Late Cretaceous (75-65 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 15 feet long and 1-2 tons Diet: Plants Distinguishing Characteristics: Quadrupedal posture; ornate skull with numerous horns and downward-curving frill About Kosmoceratops For years, Styracosaurus held the title as the worlds most ornately decorated ceratopsian dinosauruntil the recent discovery of Kosmoceratops (Greek for ornate horned face) in southern Utah. Kosmoceratops sported so many evolutionary bells and whistles on its massive skull that its a wonder it didnt topple over when it walked: this elephant-sized herbivores head was decorated with no less than 15 horns and horn-like structures of various sizes, including a pair of large horns above its eyes vaguely resembling those of a bull, as well as a downward-curving, bizarrely segmented frill completely unlike anything seen in any previous ceratopsian. As is the case with another recently discovered horned frilled dinosaur, Utahceratops, the strange appearance of Kosmoceratops can at least partially be explained by its unique habitat. This dinosaur lived on a large island in western North America, called Laramidia, that was demarcated and bordered by the shallow Western Interior Sea, which covered much of the continents interior during the late Cretaceous period. Relatively isolated from the mainstream of dinosaur evolution, Kosmoceratops, like the other fauna of Laramidia, was free to progress in its bizarre direction. The question remains, though: why did Kosmoceratops evolve such a unique combination of frill and horns? Usually, the main driver of such an evolutionary process is sexual selectionover the course of millions of years, female Kosmoceratops came to favor multiple horns and funky frills during mating season, creating an arms race among males to outdo one another. But these features may also have evolved as a way to differentiate Kosmoceratops from other ceratopsian species (it wouldnt do for a juvenile Kosmoceratops to accidentally join a herd of Chasmosaurus), or even for purposes of communication (say, a Kosmoceratos alpha turning its frill pink to signal danger).

Do Americans Prefer a Divided Government Thesis - 1

Do Americans Prefer a Divided Government - Thesis Example The matter significantly reverberates as a political theme especially when national election comes. A substantial number of electorates perceived that the present government will not reflect a divided government because President Barrack Obama inspires a one-party rule. For them, this is harmful to democratic system. Everyone was in a political hodge-podge whether or not divided government creates a necessary condition for check and balance in governance? Under one dominant party, can President and his bureaucrats sustain transparent and accountable government effectively to sustain stability? Will the Supreme Court, filled with legal luminaries, be able to check a ruling party well? Or is it necessary to maintain divided government to encourage people to be able to objectively look at issues, governance and political decision-making? The question can go on endlessly as substantial number of Americans perceived that this present administration is enjoying a free rein with his busines s in foreign policy and relations at his volition although some Republican claimed that they maintain significant influence to prevent some of the president’s foreign policy initiatives. This is a qualitative study that aims to explore how many would prefer divided government from 50 select respondents that are randomly chosen by this researcher and to know reasons or causes about their preferred/inclination with divided government. Respondents’ opinion will be gathered through an online survey questionnaire which will be consolidated using monkeysurvey, an online method of generating responses which will be saved in a data base and will be used as bases for analysis in this study. Modern sociologists have varying perceptions about Americans inclination to favor or to disagree on divided government. Republicans for instance use a divided government as a mechanism and as a power to wield opposition against the

IFM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

IFM - Essay Example Besides the contributions by the members, the cooperative enjoys the loan facilities that are extended to the cooperative unlike the case with other cooperative societies. Through the lack of ranks within the management positions or the general employee’s positions, the members enjoy an equated level of salaries despite their experience as well as despite their period of stay within the cooperative society. The cooperative society still has relatively low level of operations because it has been in operation for relatively little period after its re-establishment in the last ten years. Based on the reason that the cooperative lacks a well-defined structure of administration, all members comprehensively are wholly liable for the consequences of decisions made. Moreover, the lack of this well-defined structure of management has often placed the business at a risk because the decisions made lack the professional approval because members lack management skills and professional expe rtise. However, the modern day cooperative operations would suffer severe losses in the event of operating without well laid out structures as Fortune Inc does. Business operations at any level necessitates clearly laid down structures and hierarchy in operations for the ease of its operations. The cooperative needs to establish a central management team who would be responsible in decision making while at the same time taking the responsibilities in consequences resultant from the decision made (Background paper on cooperatives, n. d., p. 1-3; Co-operative in the 21st Century, 2001, p. 6-7). The size of the cooperative, which has an employee base of twenty-five people, is relatively small compared to other large organizations. However, decision-making processes would be very tedious and time consuming while incorporating the decisions of all the employees, hence the need for a clearly established framework of organizational management. The organization incorporates employees from t he age of twenties to the mid-fifties and as such has a well-distributed working age. Beside, members are paid on an equal basis through which all employees earn an equal salary besides contributing equal amounts to the cooperative. However, the structure of operation that lacks to define responsibilities as well as the structures of authorities is undesirable due to the reason that the organization would lack command in operations. Moreover, the organization would fail to confer responsibility to any person in the event of liability to be suffered and as such, the people would fail to take responsibility in decision-making or regarding acting on behalf of the organization. Among other objectives to be pursued by the cooperative would be to establish legal documents and register the cooperative as a distinct entity with the registrar of cooperatives. Besides registration, other important documents defining the employees and the shareholders are necessary. Besides the responsibility outline, there is the need to have the cooperative establish a management team who would serve as the vision bearers to the team and therefore champion the

Mirror Mirror On The Wall Theology Religion Essay

Mirror Mirror On The Wall Theology Religion Essay This lovely phrase reminds us the enchanting story of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs where the wicked queen peeps into a magical mirror and asks about her undoubted fairness in the whole world. As an innocent child I was deeply inspired by the fairytale as the world of fantasy attracted me. I would often pressurize my mother to buy me a magical mirror from the market thinking it to be easily available. My mother would laugh at my innocence and explained me that such magical mirror exists only in stories and fairytales and not in the real world. As time flew by, the thoughts of magical mirrors began to fade away from my mind and with age and maturity, I began to experience highs and lows of life. Sometimes there were colors of happiness and joy and sometimes sorrow and misery. When any problem became aggravated, I began to consult astrologers who blamed the adverse situation on the bad influence of the planetary positions. They would advise me to wear rings and amulets of precious and semi- precious stones to ward of the evil effects of the sun, the moon and other planets in our solar system. How do these rings and amulets work? Are they magical just like the magical mirrors in fairytales. Again my mind raced back to my childhood and once again a plethora of questions lay staring at me. All these little anecdotes have two things in common and that is magic and miracle. Is there anything called magical mirror where you can peep into your past, present or future? Do the planetary positions of our solar system affect human form positively and adversely? If my answer is positive, you may call me crazy and brand me superstitious as modern science do not believe in the supernatural powers of the universe. But you have to give me one chance to prove myself right and for this I have to narrate the life story of a strange man who was a distinguished alchemist, physician, astrologer, magician, philosopher and so on. His life story is simple but his unique ways of practicing occult science, magic, alchemy, medicine, astrology, cosmology and pneumatology was simply incredible and each trait needs to be highlighted to give this great man justice and recognition. So let us fly on a magical carpet into the world of Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus, nicknamed Paracelsus which simply means in par with Celsus, a Roman Encyclopedist who wrote a lot on medicines. It was Paracelsus who advocated that magical mirrors can be created, planetary positions can be a cause of worries and happiness. But above all this, as a devout Christian he firmly believed in the supremacy of the almighty and once quoted, Everything that happens takes place through the will of the supreme and faith into the things of the earth should be based upon the holy teachings of Christ. BIRTH AND FAMILY BACKGROUND: William Bombast of Hohenheim was a distinguished physician who was successfully practicing medicine in a hospital near Maria-Einsiedeln, Switzerland. It was here that he fell in love with the matron of the hospital (name is not known) and the two exchanged wedding vows in the year 1492. Their marriage soon blossomed and the couple was blessed with a bonny baby boy on the 17th of December 1493 in the vicinity of Maria-Einsiedeln, Switzerland. Williams happiness knew no bounds and he named his precious bundle of joy as, Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus. But their joy was shortlived as tragedy struck the Bombast family when young Theophrastus lost the warmth and affection of his mother who expired after a brief illness. William was devastated by the loss of his beloved wife but soon gathered courage and began to pull the strings of his life. His sole objective was to nurture his young son and to fill his life with joy and happiness. Young Theophrastus was the apple of Williams eye and both lives not only began to revolve each other but also completing each other. STRONG FOUNDATION KEY TO SUCCESS: Not much is known about the primary and secondary education received by Paracelsus so we have to move to his adolescence age. As Paracelsus entered into his youth, he received valuable coaching in science from his father who tutored him with the fundamentals of alchemy, surgery and medicine. His father was not only his teacher but also his mentor, guide and best friend. This golden relationship between the father and the son laid a strong foundation which later on became the key to Paracelsus success in the field of medicine. Paracelsus too did not disappoint his father and picked up the nuances of science with much ease. William was quick to discover that his son had the required potential to become a great physician and decided to impart him formal education. He was soon enrolled in a convent of St. Andrew located in the beautiful valley of Savon, Switzerland and under the supervision of learned bishops, Eberhardt Baumgartner, Mathias Schedydt of Rottgach and Mathias Schacht of Freisingen acquired valuable knowledge on medicine and surgery. At the young age of sixteen, Paracelsus was enrolled at the University of Basel, where he received instruction from the famous Johann Trithemius of Spanheim who was a master in alchemy, magic and astrology. It was under Trithemius shadow that Paracelsus developed inclination towards occult science. Trithemius was impressed by Paracelsus love for occult science and directed him to gain entry into the laboratory of Sigismund Fugger of Tyrol, who was not only a celebrated alchemist but also possessed valuable secrets of occult science. Exactly how long Paracelsus studied alchemy, astrology and occult science under Sigismund Fugger is not known and so we move on to the next chapter of Paracelsus life. LIFE OF A VAGABOND: After his formal education under the supervision of learned bishops, Paracelsus decided to go on a global spree. He travelled widely to destinations like Germany, France, Netherland, Denmark, Sweden and Russia. When he reached Italy, he received an opportunity to serve the Imperial Army and experienced many warlike situations. This period of globe- trotting can be called as the turning point of his life as he came across many physicians, surgeons and alchemist who shared similar passion for occult science like Paracelsus. During his stay in Italy, he entered into physical relationships with several gypsies, fortune-tellers, midwives, barbers and shepherds and although it may sound vulgar but he did so to gain knowledge from the act. He was always found in the company of vagabonds on the highways and at public lodges and inns due to which he earned a bad name and was criticized by his narrow minded foes. Paracelsus was often criticized for his passion for wandering but his critics did not realize that travelling was the fundamental tool to acquire knowledge which according to him cannot be acquired in the comforts of a laboratory or a library. He strongly believed that knowledge cannot be confined within the boundaries of our own country, it does not follow us but waits for us to go in search of it. According to Paracelsus, Those who remain at home may live more comfortably, and grow richer than those who wander about; but I neither desire to live comfortably, nor do I wish to become rich. He who wants to study the books of nature must wander with his feet over its leaves. Paracelsus recommended that every part of the world signifies a single page in the book of nature and all the pages taken collectively formed the book that reveals its richness and abundance. PARACELSUS- A MIRACLE MAN: Paracelsus travelled extensively for a period of ten years, sometimes practicing his talents as a physician, or magician or an alchemist. At the age of thirty-two, he returned to Germany where acquired fame as a man with miraculous cures. He had surpassed all his colleagues with his superior medical skills and was termed as Dr. Miracle by the masses. Many patients that had been termed as incurable by other renowned doctors turned to Paracelsus for treatment and had been cured. Among the many patients were eighteen princes who were pronounced to be incurable by leading doctors. But what made Paracelsus different from others? Why were his medical skills considered to be superior than his colleagues? Did he possess some supernatural powers to cure the incurables or did he adopt a different strategy for treatment? To answer these questions, we have to analyze his skills of that of a physician, magician, astrologer and alchemist in detail. But first, we have to understand in depth Paracelsuss views and explanations on the cosmic structure as a whole, mankind and the doctrine of holy spirits. It is rather difficult but not impossible to get a perfect understanding for our readers, unless they use their own intuition, and get into the mentality and skin of Paracelsus. STUDY OF THE COSMIC STRUCTURE- COSMOLOGY: According to Paracelsus, the entire cosmos is created by God and we are his children. His view is inspired from the prayer in bible, In the name of our father and our sons and the holy spirit, Amen. God is the Constructor of the world, Carpenter of the universe and the Sculptor of all forms. God created man from four core elements, namely Air, Water, Fire and Earth. To bring him to life, he added spirit into them. Thus spirit is living and life is spirit which unite together to produce all things. Nature is that part of the universe which is created by God to essentially provide us a cushion to breathe easy. Thus all living organism in nature have to sympathize and live in harmony with each other. Paracelsus termed all the living products of the constellation as Macrocosm and man as Microcosm, both with one breath, one time, one fruit and above all one authority. Man is dependent on nature for its very survival and nature is dependent on the state of mankind. According to Paracelsus, that part of science which can describe the principles governing the Macrocosm and Microcosm and the relationship between them is termed as Astronomia. Paracelsus termed a part of astronomia as magic, wherein he states that magic is a science used to discover the ideal relation or connection of the soul to our physical body just like the way the sun shines through a glass. Further he explained that each organ of our body is in harmony with other parts. For example, there exist harmony between the heart and the lungs and between the stomach and the brain. He also established a connection between the stars and the plants and between plants and human body. Just like a magnetized bar of iron may produce magnetic effects on the other part of iron, leaving copper and brass unaffected, same way some medicinal plants may act as remedies to cure certain diseases. VIEWS ON MANKIND AND THE HOLY SPIRIT: Paracelsus strongly believed that the constitution of man is based on seven principles which are stated below. The Physical or the elementary body, i.e. Stool Sharira. The Mumia or the vital force, i.e. Jiva. The Astral body or the Sidereal Body, i.e. Linga Sharira. The Animal Soul or the Kama Rupa. The Human or Rational Soul, i.e. Karana Sharira Manas. The Spiritual Soul, i.e. Buddhi. The Spirit or the Divine Atma. He has given a very comprehensive explanation regarding all the seven principles constituting a man in his work called, Philosophia Sagax. But the principle which needs to be mentioned here and which every human being is afraid is the death of a man. According to him, death is nothing but the end of the daily labour of man. Being a devout Christian, he strongly believed that every human being possesses the elements of earth and earth is his mother. When he dies, he re-enters in to her and loses its flesh. And perhaps referring to Christ he says, Only the real man will be re-born at the day of the resurrection into another spiritual and glorified body. According to Paracelsus, after death, the physical body decomposes into dust but a vital part of the principle which comprises the highest essence of life passes into a higher state called, Olympus Novvs, where they unite with their origin, the Mysterium Magnum, the essence of life or the Parabrahman (mentioned in the Vedas of Hindu Scriptures) Paracelsus cautions that this fate is met by people who die a natural death but not for those who die prematurely either due to accidents or suicides. In such cases, the invisible residues of the human body remains in the state till death would have arrived naturally and according to the laws of nature. They remain in the earths sphere and are full of earthy passions and desires. Paracelsus calls them Caballi Lemures and they often lurk in places where they have spent or resided during their lifetime. People often believe that such spirits cannot be destroyed by sprinkling holy water or by burning incense and even arranging religious ceremonies for the purpose. According to Paracelsus all these have no effect on the spirit and the best way to keep evil spirits away is positive will power. If we stand by good and love the source of good we will never succumb to the evil powers of the force. If however evil spirits causes severe depression to you then Paracelsus recommends wearing of red corals to ward off melancholy as they are stimulated by Sun. A healthy mind is like a temple which cannot be invaded without the will of its priest. Minds that are pure and illuminated by the force of truth cannot be possessed by evil spirits. PARACELSUS- A MEDICAL GENIUS: According to Paracelsus every vital organ in the human body is in sympathy with certain principles in the universe. The heart is influenced by elements of the sun, the brain with the moon, the gall bladder with planet Mars, the lungs with Mercury, the liver with Jupiter, the kidneys with Venus and the spleen with Saturn. Accordingly, there are various plants and herbs which have a corresponding sympathy with these astral influences. Each herb or plant has to be plucked when the planet to which it is related rules the hour and its substance or the essence should be absorbed when it is fresh. Paracelsus has categorized each planet in conjunction with the plants as follows: Sun- Rosmarinus officinalis, Lavunda officinalis and Melinda Officinalis for the treatment of acute inflammation, heart disease and rheumatism. Moon- Thymus majorna, Ruta graveolens and Helleborus niger for the treating patients suffering from insanity, hysteria, and nervous diseases. Mercury- Pulmonia officinalis, Althaea officinalis and Plantago laureola for the treatment of Pneumonia and inflammations of Mucous Membrane. Venus- Onosis spinosa, Verbascum Thapsus and Apium petroselinum for curing diseases of kidney and bladder. Mars- Carduus Benedictus, Urticaria diocia, Erythraea Centaurium for fevers, eruptive fevers and diseases of violent nature. Jupiter- Ruta graveolens, Hepatica Nobilis, Cannabis Sativa for curing jaundice and other diseases related to liver. Saturn- Chrysosplenium alternifolium, Scrophula Nodosa for the treatment of piles, hypochondria, etc.) Paracelsus criticized other physicians as he discovered that they did not pay any attention to the planetary positions and killed more patients than they cure as the medicine that may be effective at one time may be harmful at another depending on the prevailing astral influence. Thus Paracelsus proved that planetary positions do not directly effect upon the physical body of men but on their essence which constitutes the elements of the universe. In simple words he has repeatedly emphasized that the vital parts of our body are representatives of invisible energy that are circulating in the whole system. PARACELSUS- AN EXTRAORDINARY ALCHEMIST Alchemy is an art that cannot be comprehended without spiritual knowledge and astrology cannot be understood without proper knowledge of mathematics and logic. Just as chemistry is the study of physical matters, alchemy deals with astral ideologies. Astronomy is the study of planets and stars and astrology deals with influences of these stars on man. Paracelsus defined alchemy as an art in which the fire of nature i.e. the astral light is the main artist. According to him, a human being is composed of three elements namely Sulphur, Mercury and Salt. A person is healthy if these three elements maintain their proportion with respect to their quantity. But the moment any of these elements deviates from its correct proportion, disease strikes the human body. These three elements are not visible to the naked eye but are acted upon the fourth principle which is called Life. Paracelsus was critical of physicians who prescribed endless list of medicines without discovering the cause of the disease. Paracelsus has mentioned his valuable secret of alchemy in his work called, Tinctura Physica which is a bible of alchemy. He confirmed that composition of pure metals produces a scintillating effect around us. Paracelsus was of the view that if we create a composition of seven metals in a desired proportion and at the proper time, then we will acquire a metal which will contain the qualities of all the seven metals. Paracelsus termed the metallic mixture as, electrum. The preparation of electrum magicum is quite daunting task as each metal has to be in its purest form. The metals have to be prepared in its right proportion and during the conjunction of various planets at that time. Many astonishing devices can be created from electrum such as amulets, magical finger rings, arm rings, bells and other things containing magical powers. According to Paracelsuss calculations, magical mirrors can be created from the electrum magicum where you can peep into events of the past and the present, see your hidden enemies and long lost friends. PARACELSUS VIEWS ON ASTROLOGY: Paracelsus was of the view that astrology is closely connected with magic, medicine and alchemy. He believed that each body attracts planetary influences when in harmony and repels the others. For this man has to understand his own constitution to comprehend the influence of the astral influence which rules the sky. Paracelsus did not approve of anyone calling him a professional astrologer who simply makes horoscopes. He understood the higher trait of astrology by which the relation of Macrocosm and Microcosm are understood. According to him, No one needs to care for the course of Saturn: it neither shortens nor lengthens the life of anybody. Often we grumble or are envious of other peoples success and riches and blame it on our stars. But Paracelsus refutes such allegations and strongly emphasizes that stars are free for themselves and force nothing into us. It is actually the spirit of oneself that makes a man more appropriate than the others. At the same time he strongly condemned those ceremonies that attract spirits by saying that, Whatever comes from the spirits is sorcery. According to Paracelsus, our body is created from elements, our soul from the star and the spirit comes from the almighty. Paracelsus refers stars as not merely the physical bodies that exist in our solar system but the principles in the cosmos. The sun and the moon attract something from our body and our body too attracts something from them as each body is in harmony with the astral influences of the heavenly bodies. This is evident from the use of talisman and amulets which produces an astral form on the bearer. Man should obey the will of God as wisdom can be acquired from God. If this inner consciousness is awakened then the mysteries of nature will be easily comprehended by spiritual knowledge. MAGIC VERSUS SORCERY: Paracelsus has clearly made remarkable demarcation between magic and sorcery. Magic causes illumination, light and is white in form whereas sorcery is concerned with darkness and black in form. Magic is the study of supernatural powers of the nature and an individual must possess complete knowledge of natural science to acquire the skills of magic. Strong imaginary power and enormous faith are the two vital ingredients to construct the temple of magic. By imaginary power, Paracelsus refers to creative power of a man. According to Paracelsus, women possess stronger imaginary power because of their compassionate nature and stronger desires as compared to men. This is evident from the fact that if a woman loves anyone, she will love with all her devotion but if she hates somebody, God save him. Strong faith has fantastic powers and we human beings do not realize it. An evil spirit, like a spear may try hard to pierce our body and cause some disease but if our faith in the supreme power of God is strong, it will act as an armour and protect us. Diseases can be effectively cured if men understood the power of faith and not superstition. The secret behind Paracelsus magical cure was his enormous faith in the power of the God who acts through him. Paracelsus also cautions that those physicians who cure diseases only with a belief that he will be able to overcome it, beliefs in superstition, but physicians who realize that he possess the power to perform and is aware of his power will perform what is called, a miracle. VARIOUS REMEDIES BASED ON PHILOSOPHYICAL AND THEOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS: According to Paracelsus, strong reasoning power is a prerequisite to be a proficient philosopher and a true theosophist must possess the knowledge to perceive spiritual powers. To obtain spiritual power, we first have to realize what is good and what is evil and without knowing evil we will never be able to realize what is good. The moment we understand what is good, it becomes a reality and we attain the highest degree of happiness as God resides within the spirit of man. Often it happens that we are thinking of a person from a long time and all of a sudden that person calls us. The very first expression is, Oh! I was just thinking to call you and see you called. What a coincidence? But according to Paracelsus it is the magical power of will of the person which sends signals to the other person to contact him or her. Paracelsus also believed that it is possible for us to communicate with the spirit of the deceased by keeping his or her picture under our head with a question you wish to ask. The answer will be interpreted in our powerful dreams. But this experiment should only be initiated if you have undeterred and enormous faith in the spirit, because it is our faith which will strike communication with the spirit. According to Paracelsus, Man belongs to two spirits- Animal Spirit or Human Spirit. A person who belongs to animal spirit will behave and live like animal during his life and will be animal after he dies, but a man with human spirit will always remain human. Another important aspect of Paracelsus theological work was his study of medicinal herbs which serves as an Elixir of Life. In the mythological story of Ramayana, Lord Rams brother Laxman, who was seriously wounded in the battle with Ravan, King of Lanka, was saved by a medicinal herb called Sanjivani Booty, the Life Elixir, prescribed by sage Agastya. Paracelsus believed that a person who has taken birth has to die but there is nothing wrong in protecting himself from evil astral influences, accidents, epidemics and old age. Paracelsus strongly recommended, a remedy called Primum Ens for prolonging the age of human being. The Primum Ens Melissae is prepared by a unique concoction of pure carbonate of potash, a plant called Melissa and alcohol. Finally one of the most secretive and valuable remedy which Paracelsus discovered was, Zenexton, a unique tablet made by grinding live toads, roots of certain medicinal herbs, pearls, coral, saffron, musk and amber and many other elements. When the mixture dries up it has be to cut in to tablets when the moon is in the sign of Scorpion. The tablet has to be draped in a red silk cloth and to be worn as an amulet around the neck to ward off evil astral influences, diseases, poison and black magic. Thus from the above, we have discovered the secret of Paracelsus success in the field of medicine, surgery, magic, alchemy and occult science. But as Paracelsus rose to fame he was subject to professional envy as other physicians lagged the intelligence and foresight of Paracelsus. He was also kind enough to treat the poor without any charging any fees, an act which was met with much resentment among his colleagues. But what an irony, many a times his noble act was not acknowledged and was often ridiculed. Once a rich wealthy, Count Philippus of Baden, who was termed as incurable by celebrated physicians, Paracelsus cured him in short time. But instead of being rewarded for his generosity, he was shown the door. This only gave his oppositions an opportunity to rejoice but that did not discourage Paracelsus as he continued to perform his wonderful cures. PROFESSOR OF MEDICINE: As Paracelsus enjoyed travelling a lot, he visited Basel in the year 1527 and was appointed as Professor of Medicine and Surgery by the City Council for which he received handsome salary. Unlike his colleagues who merely lectured on works written by other medical healers like Hippocrates and Avicenna, Paracelsus designed his own course material. The principles he imparted his students were of his own and hence his popularity among them increased. Also he gave lecture in German instead of Latin which again was not favoured by his colleagues. As a part of the Office of the City Council, he voluntarily offered his services to supervise the conduct of the Compounders, whether they are aware of their business and whether they have stock of genuine drugs to prevent them from inflating the prices of essential drugs. He would often admonish other physicians to stop digging gold and instead pay attention in the search of new medicines. FAME ATTRACTS ENVY: No sooner a person gains fame and popularity, his list of foes grow endlessly. The City druggist began to hate Paracelsus for his measures to control prices of essential drugs. Other physicians and professors too grew jealous of his increasing popularity and success in curing diseases. They all joined together and demanded an explanation from the University for hiring Paracelsuss services. These envious people declared Paracelsus as a stranger, a quack and requested the University to probe whether Paracelsus is a real doctor or not. In order to prevent events from turning worse, Paracelsus resigned from the University and left Basel in the year 1528. From Basel, Paracelsus arrived at Colmar and later on visited Esslingen in the year 1529 and Nuremberg in 1530. In Nuremberg too, physicians called Paracelsus a quack and an imposter. Tired of being taunted a quack on numerous occasions, Paracelsus decided to confront the situation. He requested the City Council to send some patients suffering from incurable diseases. The City Council obliged and sent few patients suffering from elephantiasis which Paracelsus cured successfully in a very short span of time and free of cost. He SUCCESS MEETS DEATH: Inspite of achieving success in Nuremberg, Paracelsus efforts and services were drastically ignored. He continued his life as a vagabond wandering from places to places. He visited places like Noerdlingen in the year 1530 followed by Munich, Regensburg, Amber and Meran. In the year 1531 he visited St. Gall and then to Zurich in the year 1535. All this while, he gathered few disciples who were impressed by Paracelsus cures and desired to acquire his secrets and art of medicines. Among his followers were Johannes Oprimus, Adam von Bodenstein, Alexander von Suchten, Peter Severinus, Oswald Crall and many others. As he continued with his passion of travelling, he reached Salzburg where the Duke of Ernst of Bavaria requested him to join his court as a physician. Finally, Paraclesus acquired a position where his medical skills were recognized and obtained widespread fame. But fate was not in favour of Paracelsus. This joyous period of richness and fame ended tragically as Paracelsus succumbed to a mysterious death in a small Inn called, White House on the 24th of September 1541. His remains were buried the next day in the grave of St. Sebastian. There is not much evidence to prove that Paracelsus was indeed murdered. Primary investigations revealed that Paracelsus was hit by a blunt object on his head by some anti-social elements hired by local physicians which eventually led to his death. One German physician Dr. S.Th.von Soemmering, who examined the body of Paracelsus, discovered a fracture on the skull believed to be the cause of death. Paracelsus bones were unearthed in the year 1527 and entombed in the Chapel of St. Philippi Neri, in the vicinity of the St.Sebastian where his monument proudly stands today. PARACELSUS RICH LEGACY: Paracelsus himself was not an avid reader or a writer, a fact which is corroborated by his disciples and followers. He would only dictate his work to them without utilizing any manuscripts and books. According to him, Reading never made a physician. Medicine is an art and requires practice. Few of his work were published during his life time namely, De Gradibus et Compostionibus Receptorum et Naturalium published in the year 1526 and Chirurgia Magna published at Ulm in the year 1536. To display their affection and gratitude to their master Paracelus, his disciples, Gerhard Dorn, and Martin Ruland composed a dictionary called Lexicon Alchemicum which comprises unique terms used by Paracelsus. However Paracelsus was quite discreet when it came to sharing his valuable secrets as he feared it may be go in wrong hands. One of his disciple, Johannes Oprimus who served Paracelsus for three years was upset with Paracelsuss secretive nature and connived with his enemies. However after Paracelsuss death, Oprimus turned remorse and repented for his indiscreet behavior. Paracelsus did not leave behind him material goods but his work which displays his abundant knowledge of medicine. Even when he died, the only things found in his possession were a copy of Bible, a Biblical commentary on Bible and a book written on medicine. CONCLUSION: Paracelsus was among those few who treated patients as his textbook and the sickbed as his course of study. His passion for travelling was instrumental in acquiring knowledge and found his best teachers among vagabonds, gypsies, barbers, midwives and executioners. Phenomenas of nature were of more value to him and his love for God an essence for survival. If you have read and understood this biography you will be amazed to discover that Paracelsuss doctrines are based on his study of Bible and bear a striking resemblance to the Vedas. The main reason why Paracelsus principles and work are not implemented today is that his system has not been completely understood by our modern medical practitioners. Hope a time will come when his fundamentals will be understood and a breakthrough is achieved in the field of medical science. Till then my dear readers, Be Good to Others, have Faith in God and your Life is Insured. QUOTES BY PARACELSUS: Medicine rests upon four pillars-Philosophy, Astronomy, Alchemy and Ethics. But is not He who created it for sake of the sick body more than the remedy? And is not He who cures the soul, which is more than the body greater. The interpretation of Dreams is a great art. What sense would it make or what would it make or what would it benefit a physician if he discovered the origin of the diseases but could not cure or alleviat